Laboratory-based calibration procedure for filter-based absorption photometers using photothermal interferometry and the extinction-minus-scattering method

Monitores de carbono negro
basados en atenuación en filtro
sobrestiman la concentración
por un alto factor
Aerosol metrology
Black carbon
Autores/as
Afiliaciones

Tobias Hammer

Laboratory of Particles and Aerosols, Federal Institute of Metrology METAS, Bern, Switzerland

Luka Drinovec

Center for Atmospheric Research, University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia

Griša Močnik

Center for Atmospheric Research, University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia

Asta Gregorič

Center for Atmospheric Research, University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia

Martin Rigler

Aerosol d.o.o, Ljubljana, Slovenia

Thomas Müller

Atmospheric Microphysics Department, Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany

Sebastian Düsing

Atmospheric Microphysics Department, Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany

Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Bundesallee 100, 38116, Brunswick, Germany

Andreas Nowak

Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Bundesallee 100, 38116, Brunswick, Germany

John Backman

Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland

Eija Asmi

Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland

Krzysztof Ciupek

National Physical Laboratory, Air Quality and Aerosol Metrology Group, Teddington, UK

Douglas Walker

National Physical Laboratory, Air Quality and Aerosol Metrology Group, Teddington, UK

Maria Gini

Environmental Radioactivity & Aerosol Tech. Lab for Atmospheric & Climate Impacts, INRaSTES, National Centre of Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Athens, Greece

Konstantinos Eleftheriadis

Environmental Radioactivity & Aerosol Tech. Lab for Atmospheric & Climate Impacts, INRaSTES, National Centre of Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Athens, Greece

Stergios Vratolis

Environmental Radioactivity & Aerosol Tech. Lab for Atmospheric & Climate Impacts, INRaSTES, National Centre of Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Athens, Greece

Jeffrey Blair

AethLabs, San Francisco, California, USA

Ivan Iskra

AethLabs, San Francisco, California, USA

Kyan Shlipak

AethLabs, San Francisco, California, USA

Weidong Chen

Laboratoire de Physicochimie de l’Atmosphère, Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale, Dunkerque, France

Goufrane Abichou

Laboratoire de Physicochimie de l’Atmosphère, Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale, Dunkerque, France

Yongyong Hu

Laboratoire de Physicochimie de l’Atmosphère, Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale, Dunkerque, France

Jošt V. Lavrič

ACOEM (France), Limonest, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France

Johannes Murg

AVL List GmbH, Graz, Austria

Michael Arndt

AVL List GmbH, Graz, Austria

Alejandro Keller

University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, Windisch, Switzerland

Ernest Weingartner

University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, Windisch, Switzerland

Konstantina Vasilatou

Laboratory of Particles and Aerosols, Federal Institute of Metrology METAS, Bern, Switzerland

Fecha de publicación

junio 2026

Doi
Otros detalles

C factors of filter-based absorption photometers are in the range of 4 – 9 respect to PTI.

Abstract

We compared aerosol light absorption measurements by a photothermal interferometer (PTI) and by extinction minus scattering (EMS) in a laboratory setting using test aerosols with single scattering albedo (SSA) in the range from about 0.1 to 1. The EMS method reported higher light absorption coefficients, babs, by 25% up to a factor of 2 compared to PTI, with the deviation increasing when coating fresh soot with secondary organic matter. In a second step, the attenuation measured by numerous filter-based absorption photometers and in-situ-measuring instruments was calibrated against PTI at the wavelengths of 450 and 808 nm to determine reliable calibration factors for each instrument. The attenuation coefficient measured by the filter-based instruments, batn, was larger by a factor of 4 − 9 than the reference babs measurements of PTI depending on the instrument model and filter tape. We determined similar multiple-scattering correction factors C for the aethalometer AE33 to those reported by recent studies using PTI as a reference method, but almost two times higher than those reported by older studies referenced to the Multi-Angle Absorption Photometer (MAAP). In-situ-measuring instruments showed a reasonable agreement with PTI despite the low aerosol absorption coefficients which were close to the limit of detection for some of the photoacoustic instruments. In view of the revised Air Quality Directive of the European Union, our study highlights the need for traceable aerosol light absorption measurements to harmonize calibration procedures across Europe.

Citation

@article{Hammer2026,
  title = {Laboratory-based calibration procedure for filter-based absorption photometers using photothermal interferometry and the extinction-minus-scattering method},
  author = {Hammer,  Tobias and Drinovec,  Luka and Močnik,  Griša and Gregorič,  Asta and Rigler,  Martin and Müller,  Thomas and Düsing,  Sebastian and Saturno,  Jorge and Nowak,  Andreas and Backman,  John and Asmi,  Eija and Ciupek,  Krzysztof and Walker,  Douglas and Gini,  Maria and Eleftheriadis,  Konstantinos and Vratolis,  Stergios and Blair,  Jeffrey and Iskra,  Ivan and Shlipak,  Kyan and Chen,  Weidong and Abichou,  Goufrane and Hu,  Yongyong and Lavrič,  Jošt V. and Murg,  Johannes and Arndt,  Michael and Keller,  Alejandro and Weingartner,  Ernest and Vasilatou,  Konstantina},
  year = {2026},
  month = Jun,
  journal = {Aerosol Science and Technology},
  publisher = {Informa UK Limited},
  volume = {1},
  pages = {1–18},
  ISSN = {1521-7388},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2026.2688312},
  doi = {10.1080/02786826.2026.2688312}
}